[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"verticals":3,"playground-css-clamp-fluid-typography":44,"search-suggestions":58},[4,20,32],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"tagline":8,"description":9,"accentFrom":10,"accentTo":11,"icon":12,"defaultLocale":13,"locales":14,"features":16,"position":19},"019fe637-3d33-714b-b57f-23e163ffca0c","dev","Web Development","Read it. Run it. Prove it.","A post a day on modern web development — most with an editable playground and a quiz that explains every answer. Free, no account needed.","violet-500","cyan-400","◇","en",[13,15],"fa",{"courses":17,"paths":17,"articles":17,"exams":18,"flashcards":18,"packages":17,"community":17,"certificates":17,"teams":17,"commerce":17},true,false,0,{"id":21,"slug":22,"name":23,"tagline":24,"description":25,"accentFrom":26,"accentTo":10,"icon":27,"defaultLocale":13,"locales":28,"features":30,"position":31},"019fe637-3dc2-754c-8657-0f175bfee7c6","lang","Languages","Learn a language the way you learn a codebase.","Grammar explained the way good documentation explains an API — one idea at a time, each with a quiz.","amber-400","⌘",[13,15,29],"es",{"courses":18,"paths":18,"articles":17,"exams":18,"flashcards":17,"packages":18,"community":17,"certificates":17,"teams":18,"commerce":18},2,{"id":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"tagline":36,"description":37,"accentFrom":38,"accentTo":39,"icon":40,"defaultLocale":13,"locales":41,"features":42,"position":43},"7b3c16f2-931d-410e-802e-e1fa4edab7de","soft","Soft Skills","The half of the job nobody wrote documentation for.","Weekly, on the parts of working life that decide more than your code does — first weeks, meetings, interviews, promotions, and the people around you. Written from what actually happens, and recorded as a podcast you can listen to on the walk.","emerald-400","teal-300","◉",[13],{"courses":18,"paths":18,"articles":17,"exams":18,"flashcards":18,"packages":18,"community":17,"certificates":18,"teams":18,"commerce":18},3,{"slug":45,"title":46,"summary":47,"html":48,"css":49,"js":50,"config":51,"doc":53},"css-clamp-fluid-typography","clamp() fluid type — interactive playground",null,"\u003Cdiv class=\"pg\">\n    \u003Ch1 class=\"pg-title\">🎮 Build a \u003Ccode>clamp()\u003C\u002Fcode> formula and watch it scale\u003C\u002Fh1>\n    \u003Cp class=\"pg-sub\">\n      Drag the viewport slider to simulate resizing the browser. Compare the old\n      media-query \"staircase\" against \u003Ccode>clamp(MIN, PREFERRED, MAX)\u003C\u002Fcode> — then\n      flip the accessibility toggle to see why the preferred value should mix\n      \u003Ccode>rem\u003C\u002Fcode> with \u003Ccode>vw\u003C\u002Fcode>, not use \u003Ccode>vw\u003C\u002Fcode> alone.\n    \u003C\u002Fp>\n\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"panel\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"panel-label\">\u003Cspan class=\"n\">1\u003C\u002Fspan> Simulated viewport width\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"field\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"ctl-label\">\n          \u003Cspan>Width\u003C\u002Fspan>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"mono\" id=\"widthLabel\">800px\u003C\u002Fspan>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cinput type=\"range\" id=\"width\" min=\"320\" max=\"1600\" step=\"1\" value=\"800\" \u002F>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"presets\" style=\"margin-top:12px\">\n        \u003Cbutton class=\"btn sm\" data-w=\"375\">📱 Phone · 375px\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n        \u003Cbutton class=\"btn sm\" data-w=\"768\">📟 Tablet · 768px\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n        \u003Cbutton class=\"btn sm\" data-w=\"1280\">💻 Laptop · 1280px\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n        \u003Cbutton class=\"btn sm\" data-w=\"1600\">🖥️ Desktop · 1600px\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"btn-row\" style=\"margin-top:16px\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"seg\" id=\"modeSeg\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Sizing mode\">\n          \u003Cbutton data-mode=\"media\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Old way: media queries\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n          \u003Cbutton data-mode=\"clamp\" aria-pressed=\"false\">New way: clamp()\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"formula-row\" id=\"clampControls\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"field\">\n          \u003Cdiv class=\"ctl-label\">\u003Cspan>Min (rem)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mono\" id=\"minLabel\">1.5\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n          \u003Cinput type=\"range\" id=\"min\" min=\"0.75\" max=\"3\" step=\"0.05\" value=\"1.5\" \u002F>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"field\">\n          \u003Cdiv class=\"ctl-label\">\u003Cspan>rem term\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mono\" id=\"remLabel\">1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n          \u003Cinput type=\"range\" id=\"remCoef\" min=\"0\" max=\"2.5\" step=\"0.05\" value=\"1\" \u002F>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"field\">\n          \u003Cdiv class=\"ctl-label\">\u003Cspan>vw term\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mono\" id=\"vwLabel\">2\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n          \u003Cinput type=\"range\" id=\"vwCoef\" min=\"0\" max=\"8\" step=\"0.1\" value=\"2\" \u002F>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"field\">\n          \u003Cdiv class=\"ctl-label\">\u003Cspan>Max (rem)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mono\" id=\"maxLabel\">3\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n          \u003Cinput type=\"range\" id=\"max\" min=\"1\" max=\"6\" step=\"0.05\" value=\"3\" \u002F>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n      \u003Clabel class=\"toggle\" style=\"margin-top:14px\">\n        \u003Cinput type=\"checkbox\" id=\"a11ySetting\" \u002F>\u003Cspan class=\"switch\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n        \u003Cspan>Simulate a reader who bumped their browser's default font size to 24px (was 16px)\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003C\u002Flabel>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"panel\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"panel-label\">\u003Cspan class=\"n\">2\u003C\u002Fspan> Result\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"frame-wrap\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"frame\" id=\"frame\">\n          \u003Cspan class=\"frame-label\" id=\"frameLabel\">viewport: 800px\u003C\u002Fspan>\n          \u003Ch2 id=\"heading\">Fluid heading\u003C\u002Fh2>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"status\" style=\"margin-top:12px\" id=\"statusRow\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"dot good\" id=\"dot\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n        \u003Cspan id=\"statusText\">font-size: 32px (2rem)\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cp class=\"hint\" id=\"hint\">\n        Drag the width slider slowly across 480–992px — watch the old way jump between\n        five fixed sizes, while \u003Ccode>clamp()\u003C\u002Fcode> slides through every value in between.\n      \u003C\u002Fp>\n      \u003Ccanvas class=\"curve\" id=\"curve\" width=\"600\" height=\"140\">\u003C\u002Fcanvas>\n      \u003Cp class=\"hint\">\n        The line is font-size across every viewport width from 320px to 1600px. The dot marks\n        where you are right now. Steps = media queries. A smooth line = \u003Ccode>clamp()\u003C\u002Fcode>.\n      \u003C\u002Fp>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"panel\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"panel-label\">\u003Cspan class=\"n\">3\u003C\u002Fspan> The CSS this produces\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"code\" id=\"codeOut\">font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 1rem + 2vw, 3rem);\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cp class=\"hint\" id=\"a11yHint\">\n        This formula mixes a \u003Ccode>rem\u003C\u002Fcode> term, so it still grows when a reader's\n        browser font-size setting grows.\n      \u003C\u002Fp>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>","\u002F*\n * Shared playground design system — daily-post\n * ============================================\n * Link it from any post's playground\u002Findex.html (no per-post boilerplate):\n *\n *   \u003Clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"..\u002F..\u002F..\u002Fplayground\u002Fassets\u002Fbase.css\" \u002F>\n *\n * The relative path resolves the same locally (posts\u002F\u003Cbase>\u002Fplayground\u002F) and on\n * the deployed host (public\u002Fposts\u002F\u003Cbase>\u002Fplayground\u002F), because build-site.js\n * mirrors this file to public\u002Fplayground\u002Fassets\u002Fbase.css. For a CodeSandbox\n * --embed, playground.js inlines this file so the single-file sandbox still styles.\n *\n * Then write ONLY the demo-specific CSS in your inline \u003Cstyle>. Everything below\n * — tokens, layout, panels, buttons, toggles, sliders, code blocks, status\u002Flog,\n * banners, presets — comes for free and looks consistent across every post.\n *\n * Theme-aware: dark by default, light via prefers-color-scheme AND a\n * [data-theme] override on \u003Chtml> (so a toggle can force either). Accessible:\n * real focus rings, adequate contrast, reduced-motion honored.\n *\u002F\n\n\u002F* ---------- design tokens ---------- *\u002F\n:root {\n  --bg: #0d1117;\n  --bg-grid: #ffffff0a;\n  --panel: #161b22;\n  --panel-2: #0b0e14;\n  --card: #0b0e14;\n  --ink: #e8ebf2;\n  --muted: #9aa4b2;\n  --faint: #6b7688;\n  --line: #232a35;\n  --line-soft: #ffffff12;\n  --accent: #7c9cff;\n  --accent-ink: #0b0e14;\n  --good: #3fb950;\n  --warn: #f0883e;\n  --bad: #f85149;\n  --info: #58a6ff;\n  --radius: 14px;\n  --radius-sm: 9px;\n  --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0006;\n  --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #0005;\n  --mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, \"SF Mono\", Menlo, Consolas, \"Liberation Mono\", monospace;\n  --sans: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", sans-serif;\n  color-scheme: dark;\n}\n\n\u002F* Light theme — system preference, overridable by [data-theme] on \u003Chtml>. *\u002F\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {\n  :root:not([data-theme=\"dark\"]) {\n    --bg: #f4f6fb;\n    --bg-grid: #00000008;\n    --panel: #ffffff;\n    --panel-2: #f0f3f9;\n    --card: #f7f9fc;\n    --ink: #131722;\n    --muted: #5b6472;\n    --faint: #8a93a3;\n    --line: #e2e7f0;\n    --line-soft: #00000010;\n    --accent: #2f6df0;\n    --accent-ink: #ffffff;\n    --good: #1a7f37;\n    --warn: #bc4c00;\n    --bad: #cf222e;\n    --info: #0969da;\n    --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0000001f;\n    --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #00000014;\n    color-scheme: light;\n  }\n}\n:root[data-theme=\"light\"] {\n  --bg: #f4f6fb;\n  --bg-grid: #00000008;\n  --panel: #ffffff;\n  --panel-2: #f0f3f9;\n  --card: #f7f9fc;\n  --ink: #131722;\n  --muted: #5b6472;\n  --faint: #8a93a3;\n  --line: #e2e7f0;\n  --line-soft: #00000010;\n  --accent: #2f6df0;\n  --accent-ink: #ffffff;\n  --good: #1a7f37;\n  --warn: #bc4c00;\n  --bad: #cf222e;\n  --info: #0969da;\n  --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0000001f;\n  --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #00000014;\n  color-scheme: light;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- reset & base ---------- *\u002F\n*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\nbody {\n  margin: 0;\n  min-height: 100vh;\n  font-family: var(--sans);\n  color: var(--ink);\n  background:\n    radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, var(--bg-grid) 1px, transparent 0) 0 0 \u002F 24px 24px,\n    var(--bg);\n  display: flex;\n  justify-content: center;\n  align-items: flex-start;\n  padding: clamp(14px, 3vw, 26px);\n  line-height: 1.55;\n  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;\n}\n\n\u002F* The single content column. *\u002F\n.pg {\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 860px;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- header ---------- *\u002F\n.pg-title {\n  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1rem + 1vw, 1.4rem);\n  font-weight: 800;\n  letter-spacing: -0.02em;\n  margin: 0 0 4px;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 9px;\n}\n.pg-sub {\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 0.92rem;\n  line-height: 1.5;\n  margin: 0 0 16px;\n  max-width: 66ch;\n}\n.pg-sub strong, .pg-sub b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; }\n.pg-sub code { font-family: var(--mono); background: var(--line-soft); color: var(--accent);\n  padding: 1px 6px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 0.85em; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- panels ---------- *\u002F\n.panel {\n  background: var(--panel);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  border-radius: var(--radius);\n  padding: 16px 18px;\n  margin-bottom: 14px;\n  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);\n}\n.panel-label {\n  font-size: 0.7rem;\n  text-transform: uppercase;\n  letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-weight: 800;\n  margin: 0 0 13px;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 8px;\n}\n.panel-label .n {\n  display: inline-grid; place-items: center;\n  width: 18px; height: 18px; border-radius: 50%;\n  background: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink);\n  font-size: 0.66rem; font-weight: 800;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- layout helpers ---------- *\u002F\n.row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; align-items: center; }\n.row.between { justify-content: space-between; }\n.col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }\n.grow { flex: 1 1 0; min-width: 0; }\n.wrap-controls { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px 24px; align-items: flex-end; }\n.field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; min-width: 0; }\n.field > .label, .ctl-label {\n  font-size: 0.7rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em;\n  color: var(--muted); font-weight: 800;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- buttons ---------- *\u002F\n.btn {\n  font: inherit; font-weight: 650; font-size: 0.88rem;\n  cursor: pointer; user-select: none;\n  border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  background: var(--card); color: var(--ink);\n  padding: 9px 15px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n  transition: background .15s ease, border-color .15s ease, transform .05s ease, color .15s ease;\n}\n.btn:hover { background: var(--line-soft); border-color: var(--muted); }\n.btn:active { transform: translateY(1px); }\n.btn:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n.btn[disabled] { opacity: 0.45; cursor: not-allowed; }\n.btn.primary { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }\n.btn.primary:hover { filter: brightness(1.08); background: var(--accent); }\n.btn.good { background: var(--good); border-color: var(--good); color: #04140a; }\n.btn.bad  { background: var(--bad);  border-color: var(--bad);  color: #fff; }\n.btn.ghost { background: transparent; }\n.btn.sm { padding: 6px 11px; font-size: 0.82rem; }\n\n.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; }\n\n\u002F* Segmented control — a row of buttons where one is active (aria-pressed). *\u002F\n.seg { display: inline-flex; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 3px; gap: 3px; }\n.seg button {\n  font: inherit; font-weight: 650; font-size: 0.84rem; cursor: pointer;\n  border: none; background: transparent; color: var(--muted);\n  padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 7px;\n  transition: background .15s ease, color .15s ease;\n}\n.seg button:hover { color: var(--ink); }\n.seg button[aria-pressed=\"true\"] { background: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }\n.seg button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n\n\u002F* Preset chips — worked-example shortcuts. *\u002F\n.presets { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }\n.presets .btn { background: var(--panel-2); }\n\n\u002F* ---------- toggle switch ---------- *\u002F\n.toggle { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; cursor: pointer;\n  font-size: 0.88rem; font-weight: 600; user-select: none; }\n.toggle input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; width: 0; height: 0; }\n.switch { position: relative; width: 44px; height: 25px; border-radius: 999px; flex: none;\n  background: var(--line); border: 1px solid var(--line); transition: background .18s ease; }\n.switch::after { content: \"\"; position: absolute; top: 2px; left: 2px; width: 19px; height: 19px;\n  border-radius: 50%; background: #cfd6e4; transition: transform .18s ease; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px #0006; }\n.toggle input:checked + .switch { background: var(--good); border-color: var(--good); }\n.toggle input:checked + .switch::after { transform: translateX(19px); background: #fff; }\n.toggle input:focus-visible + .switch { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- range slider ---------- *\u002F\ninput[type=\"range\"] {\n  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 100%; height: 6px;\n  background: var(--line); border-radius: 999px; outline: none; cursor: pointer; margin: 8px 0;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\n  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 19px; height: 19px; border-radius: 50%;\n  background: var(--accent); border: 2px solid var(--panel); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); cursor: pointer;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]::-moz-range-thumb {\n  width: 19px; height: 19px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent);\n  border: 2px solid var(--panel); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); cursor: pointer;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- text inputs \u002F selects ---------- *\u002F\ninput[type=\"text\"], input[type=\"number\"], input[type=\"search\"], select, textarea {\n  font: inherit; color: var(--ink); background: var(--card);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 8px 11px; width: 100%;\n}\ntextarea { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.6; resize: vertical; }\ninput:focus-visible, select:focus-visible, textarea:focus-visible {\n  outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; border-color: var(--accent);\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- status \u002F output \u002F log ---------- *\u002F\n.status {\n  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; flex-wrap: wrap;\n  font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600;\n  padding: 11px 14px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink);\n}\n.status.good { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.status.warn { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.status.bad  { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bad) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.dot { width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--muted); flex: none; }\n.dot.good { background: var(--good); } .dot.warn { background: var(--warn); }\n.dot.bad { background: var(--bad); } .dot.info { background: var(--info); }\n\n.output { background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  padding: 13px 15px; }\n.log { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; background: var(--card);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 11px 14px;\n  max-height: 220px; overflow-y: auto; white-space: pre-wrap; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- code block + syntax tokens ---------- *\u002F\n.code {\n  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.82rem; line-height: 1.7;\n  background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  padding: 13px 15px; overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre; tab-size: 2;\n}\n.code .tok-sel  { color: var(--accent); }\n.code .tok-prop { color: #86e29b; }\n.code .tok-kw   { color: #ff9bcb; }\n.code .tok-str  { color: #f0c674; }\n.code .tok-num  { color: #f0883e; }\n.code .tok-cmt  { color: var(--faint); font-style: italic; }\n.code .hl { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 22%, transparent); border-radius: 4px; padding: 0 3px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- hint \u002F caption ---------- *\u002F\n.hint { font-size: 0.83rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.55; margin: 10px 0 0; }\n.hint code { font-family: var(--mono); color: var(--ink); background: var(--line-soft);\n  padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 5px; font-size: 0.86em; }\n.hint strong { color: var(--ink); }\n\n\u002F* ---------- banner (feature-support \u002F notices) ---------- *\u002F\n.banner {\n  display: none; margin-bottom: 14px; padding: 11px 14px; border-radius: 11px;\n  font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.5;\n  color: var(--ink); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 12%, var(--panel));\n  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 45%, var(--line));\n}\n.banner.show { display: block; }\n.banner.info { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--info) 12%, var(--panel));\n  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--info) 45%, var(--line)); }\n.banner code { font-family: var(--mono); background: var(--line-soft); padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 5px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- misc atoms ---------- *\u002F\n.pill { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 700;\n  padding: 3px 9px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--line-soft); color: var(--muted); }\n.pill.good { color: var(--good); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 16%, transparent); }\n.pill.bad  { color: var(--bad);  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bad) 16%, transparent); }\n.mono { font-family: var(--mono); }\n.muted { color: var(--muted); }\n.big-num { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }\n\n\u002F* Optional theme toggle button (top-right). Wire it in JS if you want it. *\u002F\n.theme-btn { position: fixed; top: 12px; right: 12px; z-index: 20; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- responsive ---------- *\u002F\n@media (max-width: 560px) {\n  .panel { padding: 14px; }\n  .wrap-controls { gap: 14px; }\n  .btn { padding: 9px 13px; }\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- reduced motion ---------- *\u002F\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; }\n}\n\n\n.frame-wrap {\n    border: 1px dashed var(--line);\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    overflow-x: auto;\n    padding: 20px 0;\n    display: flex;\n    justify-content: center;\n  }\n  .frame {\n    position: relative;\n    min-height: 120px;\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n    text-align: center;\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    border-radius: 8px;\n    background: var(--panel);\n    padding: 12px;\n    transition: width 0.05s linear;\n  }\n  .frame h2 {\n    margin: 0;\n    line-height: 1.1;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n    color: var(--text);\n  }\n  .frame-label {\n    position: absolute;\n    top: 6px;\n    left: 10px;\n    font-size: 0.7rem;\n    color: var(--muted);\n  }\n  .curve {\n    width: 100%;\n    height: 140px;\n    display: block;\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  }\n  .formula-row {\n    display: flex;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    gap: 10px;\n    align-items: center;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n  }\n  .formula-row .field { min-width: 120px; }\n  .a11y-flag {\n    display: inline-flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    gap: 6px;\n    font-weight: 600;\n  }","\"use strict\";\n  const $ = (id) => document.getElementById(id);\n\n  const state = { width: 800, mode: \"media\", min: 1.5, rem: 1, vw: 2, max: 3, a11y: false };\n\n  \u002F\u002F The five-breakpoint \"old way,\" lifted straight from the article's example.\n  const MEDIA_STEPS = [\n    { max: 480, rem: 1.5 },\n    { max: 768, rem: 1.75 },\n    { max: 992, rem: 2.25 },\n    { max: 1200, rem: 2.5 },\n    { max: Infinity, rem: 3 },\n  ];\n\n  function mediaQueryRem(width) {\n    for (const step of MEDIA_STEPS) if (width \u003C= step.max) return step.rem;\n    return MEDIA_STEPS[MEDIA_STEPS.length - 1].rem;\n  }\n\n  \u002F\u002F rootPx mirrors what a browser's \"default font size\" setting controls: the\n  \u002F\u002F px value that 1rem resolves to. 16px is the universal default.\n  function clampRem(width, rootPx) {\n    const preferredPx = state.rem * rootPx + (state.vw \u002F 100) * width;\n    const minPx = state.min * rootPx;\n    const maxPx = state.max * rootPx;\n    return Math.min(Math.max(preferredPx, minPx), maxPx) \u002F rootPx;\n  }\n\n  function fontSizeRemAt(width, rootPx) {\n    return state.mode === \"media\" ? mediaQueryRem(width) : clampRem(width, rootPx);\n  }\n\n  function render() {\n    const rootPx = state.a11y ? 24 : 16;\n    const remValue = fontSizeRemAt(state.width, rootPx);\n    const px = remValue * rootPx;\n\n    $(\"widthLabel\").textContent = state.width + \"px\";\n    $(\"frameLabel\").textContent = \"viewport: \" + state.width + \"px\";\n    $(\"minLabel\").textContent = state.min.toFixed(2);\n    $(\"remLabel\").textContent = state.rem.toFixed(2);\n    $(\"vwLabel\").textContent = state.vw.toFixed(1);\n    $(\"maxLabel\").textContent = state.max.toFixed(2);\n\n    const frame = $(\"frame\");\n    const frameWidth = Math.max(180, Math.min(state.width, 900));\n    frame.style.width = frameWidth + \"px\";\n\n    const heading = $(\"heading\");\n    heading.style.fontSize = px.toFixed(1) + \"px\";\n    heading.textContent = state.mode === \"media\" ? \"Fixed heading\" : \"Fluid heading\";\n\n    $(\"statusText\").textContent =\n      \"font-size: \" + px.toFixed(1) + \"px (\" + remValue.toFixed(3) + \"rem)\" +\n      (state.a11y ? \" — root font-size is 24px\" : \"\");\n    $(\"dot\").className = \"dot \" + (state.mode === \"clamp\" ? \"good\" : \"warn\");\n\n    const usesVwOnly = state.rem === 0 && state.vw > 0;\n    $(\"codeOut\").textContent =\n      state.mode === \"media\"\n        ? \"@media (max-width: \" + [480, 768, 992, 1200].join(\"px), (max-width: \") + \"px) { \u002F* … *\u002F }\"\n        : \"font-size: clamp(\" + state.min.toFixed(2) + \"rem, \" +\n          (state.rem > 0 ? state.rem.toFixed(2) + \"rem + \" : \"\") + state.vw.toFixed(1) + \"vw, \" +\n          state.max.toFixed(2) + \"rem);\";\n\n    const a11yHint = $(\"a11yHint\");\n    if (state.mode === \"media\") {\n      a11yHint.textContent = \"Media queries don't have this failure mode — but they do have gaps between breakpoints.\";\n    } else if (usesVwOnly) {\n      a11yHint.innerHTML = '\u003Cspan class=\"a11y-flag\">⚠️ vw-only:\u003C\u002Fspan> toggle the reader setting above — this heading will not move at all.';\n    } else if (state.rem === 0) {\n      a11yHint.textContent = \"With no rem and no vw, this is just a fixed size — clamp() has nothing to interpolate.\";\n    } else {\n      a11yHint.textContent = \"This formula mixes a rem term, so it still grows when a reader's browser font-size setting grows.\";\n    }\n\n    drawCurve(rootPx);\n  }\n\n  function drawCurve(rootPx) {\n    const canvas = $(\"curve\");\n    const ctx = canvas.getContext(\"2d\");\n    const w = canvas.width, h = canvas.height;\n    ctx.clearRect(0, 0, w, h);\n\n    const minW = 320, maxW = 1600;\n    const allRem = [];\n    for (let x = 0; x \u003C= w; x++) {\n      const width = minW + ((maxW - minW) * x) \u002F w;\n      allRem.push(fontSizeRemAt(width, rootPx));\n    }\n    const loRem = Math.min(...allRem), hiRem = Math.max(...allRem);\n    const pad = 14;\n    const toY = (rem) => {\n      if (hiRem === loRem) return h \u002F 2;\n      return h - pad - ((rem - loRem) \u002F (hiRem - loRem)) * (h - pad * 2);\n    };\n\n    const styles = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement);\n    ctx.strokeStyle = styles.getPropertyValue(\"--accent\").trim() || \"#7dd3fc\";\n    ctx.lineWidth = 2;\n    ctx.beginPath();\n    allRem.forEach((rem, x) => {\n      const y = toY(rem);\n      if (x === 0) ctx.moveTo(x, y); else ctx.lineTo(x, y);\n    });\n    ctx.stroke();\n\n    const curX = ((state.width - minW) \u002F (maxW - minW)) * w;\n    const curRem = fontSizeRemAt(state.width, rootPx);\n    ctx.fillStyle = styles.getPropertyValue(\"--text\").trim() || \"#f5f5f5\";\n    ctx.beginPath();\n    ctx.arc(curX, toY(curRem), 4, 0, Math.PI * 2);\n    ctx.fill();\n  }\n\n  $(\"width\").addEventListener(\"input\", (e) => { state.width = Number(e.target.value); render(); });\n  $(\"min\").addEventListener(\"input\", (e) => { state.min = Number(e.target.value); render(); });\n  $(\"remCoef\").addEventListener(\"input\", (e) => { state.rem = Number(e.target.value); render(); });\n  $(\"vwCoef\").addEventListener(\"input\", (e) => { state.vw = Number(e.target.value); render(); });\n  $(\"max\").addEventListener(\"input\", (e) => { state.max = Number(e.target.value); render(); });\n  $(\"a11ySetting\").addEventListener(\"change\", (e) => { state.a11y = e.target.checked; render(); });\n\n  document.querySelectorAll(\"#modeSeg button\").forEach((btn) => {\n    btn.addEventListener(\"click\", () => {\n      state.mode = btn.dataset.mode;\n      document.querySelectorAll(\"#modeSeg button\").forEach((b) =>\n        b.setAttribute(\"aria-pressed\", String(b === btn))\n      );\n      $(\"clampControls\").style.opacity = state.mode === \"clamp\" ? \"1\" : \"0.45\";\n      render();\n    });\n  });\n\n  document.querySelectorAll(\"[data-w]\").forEach((btn) => {\n    btn.addEventListener(\"click\", () => {\n      state.width = Number(btn.dataset.w);\n      $(\"width\").value = state.width;\n      render();\n    });\n  });\n\n  $(\"clampControls\").style.opacity = \"0.45\";\n  render();",{"height":52,"autorun":17},520,{"slug":45,"title":54,"excerpt":55,"coverUrl":56,"vertical":57},"Stop Writing Media Queries for Font Size","A design system audit found five breakpoints for one heading. clamp() replaces all of them with one line that never jumps.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fcovers\u002Fcss-clamp-fluid-typography.png",{"slug":6},[59,63,67,71,75,79,83,87,91,95,98,101],{"slug":60,"name":61,"articles":62},"webdev","Webdev",58,{"slug":64,"name":65,"articles":66},"frontend","Frontend",52,{"slug":68,"name":69,"articles":70},"javascript","Javascript",50,{"slug":72,"name":73,"articles":74},"css","Css",23,{"slug":76,"name":77,"articles":78},"typescript","Typescript",10,{"slug":80,"name":81,"articles":82},"performance","Performance",8,{"slug":84,"name":85,"articles":86},"grammar","Grammar",6,{"slug":88,"name":89,"articles":90},"react","React",5,{"slug":92,"name":93,"articles":94},"tutorial","Tutorial",4,{"slug":96,"name":97,"articles":94},"node","Node",{"slug":99,"name":100,"articles":43},"ai","Ai",{"slug":102,"name":103,"articles":43},"html","Html"]