[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"verticals":3,"playground-url-parse-safe-parsing":32},[4,20],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"tagline":8,"description":9,"accentFrom":10,"accentTo":11,"icon":12,"defaultLocale":13,"locales":14,"features":16,"position":19},"019fe637-3d33-714b-b57f-23e163ffca0c","dev","Web Development","Build. Learn. Ship.","Practical courses, engineering-grade articles and open-source tools for people who ship.","violet-500","cyan-400","◇","en",[13,15],"fa",{"courses":17,"paths":17,"articles":17,"exams":18,"flashcards":18,"packages":17,"community":17,"certificates":17,"teams":17,"commerce":17},true,false,0,{"id":21,"slug":22,"name":23,"tagline":24,"description":25,"accentFrom":26,"accentTo":10,"icon":27,"defaultLocale":13,"locales":28,"features":30,"position":31},"019fe637-3dc2-754c-8657-0f175bfee7c6","lang","Languages","Learn a language the way you learn a codebase.","Structured paths, listening drills and spaced repetition that actually sticks.","amber-400","⌘",[13,15,29],"es",{"courses":17,"paths":17,"articles":18,"exams":18,"flashcards":18,"packages":18,"community":17,"certificates":18,"teams":18,"commerce":17},2,{"slug":33,"title":34,"summary":35,"html":36,"css":37,"js":38,"config":39,"doc":41},"url-parse-safe-parsing","URL.parse() vs new URL() — safe URL parsing",null,"\u003Cheader class=\"pg-header\">\n  \u003Ch1>URL.parse() vs new URL()\u003C\u002Fh1>\n  \u003Cp class=\"pg-subtitle\">Type any URL — or pick a preset — to see what each API returns.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fheader>\n\n\u003Cmain class=\"pg-main\">\n  \u003Csection class=\"pg-panel\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"input-row\">\n      \u003Cinput id=\"url-input\" type=\"text\" placeholder=\"https:\u002F\u002Fexample.com\u002Fpath?q=1\" value=\"https:\u002F\u002Fexample.com\u002Fpath?q=1\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" \u002F>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"base-row\">\n      \u003Clabel>base URL (optional):\u003C\u002Flabel>\n      \u003Cinput id=\"base-input\" type=\"text\" placeholder=\"e.g. https:\u002F\u002Fexample.com\" value=\"\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" \u002F>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"presets\">\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"https:\u002F\u002Fexample.com\u002Fpath?q=1\" data-base=\"\">✓ valid absolute\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"not a url\" data-base=\"\">✗ invalid\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"\u002Fabout\" data-base=\"https:\u002F\u002Fexample.com\">✓ relative + base\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"..\u002Fimages\u002Fphoto.jpg\" data-base=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.example.com\u002Fassets\u002Fv2\u002F\">✓ relative path\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"javascript:alert(1)\" data-base=\"\">⚠ javascript: scheme\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"::bad::\" data-base=\"\">✗ malformed\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"mailto:hello@example.com\" data-base=\"\">✓ mailto:\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n      \u003Cbutton data-url=\"\" data-base=\"\">✗ empty string\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003C\u002Fsection>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"results\" id=\"results\">\n    \u003C!-- populated by JS -->\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Csection class=\"pg-panel\" style=\"margin-top:16px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"pg-section-title\">The key difference\u003C\u002Fh2>\n    \u003Ctable class=\"props-table\">\n      \u003Ctr>\n        \u003Ctd>\u003Ccode>new URL()\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n        \u003Ctd>Throws \u003Ccode>TypeError\u003C\u002Fcode> on invalid input. Correct when \u003Cem>you\u003C\u002Fem> control the string — the exception is a programmer-error signal.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n      \u003C\u002Ftr>\n      \u003Ctr>\n        \u003Ctd>\u003Ccode>URL.canParse()\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n        \u003Ctd>Returns \u003Ccode>true\u003C\u002Fcode>\u002F\u003Ccode>false\u003C\u002Fcode>. Use when you only need validity, not the URL object — no allocation.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n      \u003C\u002Ftr>\n      \u003Ctr>\n        \u003Ctd>\u003Ccode>URL.parse()\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n        \u003Ctd>Returns a \u003Ccode>URL\u003C\u002Fcode> instance or \u003Ccode>null\u003C\u002Fcode>. Replaces every \u003Ccode>safeParseURL()\u003C\u002Fcode> wrapper.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n      \u003C\u002Ftr>\n    \u003C\u002Ftable>\n  \u003C\u002Fsection>\n\u003C\u002Fmain>","\u002F*\n * Shared playground design system — daily-post\n * ============================================\n * Link it from any post's playground\u002Findex.html (no per-post boilerplate):\n *\n *   \u003Clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"..\u002F..\u002F..\u002Fplayground\u002Fassets\u002Fbase.css\" \u002F>\n *\n * The relative path resolves the same locally (posts\u002F\u003Cbase>\u002Fplayground\u002F) and on\n * the deployed host (public\u002Fposts\u002F\u003Cbase>\u002Fplayground\u002F), because build-site.js\n * mirrors this file to public\u002Fplayground\u002Fassets\u002Fbase.css. For a CodeSandbox\n * --embed, playground.js inlines this file so the single-file sandbox still styles.\n *\n * Then write ONLY the demo-specific CSS in your inline \u003Cstyle>. Everything below\n * — tokens, layout, panels, buttons, toggles, sliders, code blocks, status\u002Flog,\n * banners, presets — comes for free and looks consistent across every post.\n *\n * Theme-aware: dark by default, light via prefers-color-scheme AND a\n * [data-theme] override on \u003Chtml> (so a toggle can force either). Accessible:\n * real focus rings, adequate contrast, reduced-motion honored.\n *\u002F\n\n\u002F* ---------- design tokens ---------- *\u002F\n:root {\n  --bg: #0d1117;\n  --bg-grid: #ffffff0a;\n  --panel: #161b22;\n  --panel-2: #0b0e14;\n  --card: #0b0e14;\n  --ink: #e8ebf2;\n  --muted: #9aa4b2;\n  --faint: #6b7688;\n  --line: #232a35;\n  --line-soft: #ffffff12;\n  --accent: #7c9cff;\n  --accent-ink: #0b0e14;\n  --good: #3fb950;\n  --warn: #f0883e;\n  --bad: #f85149;\n  --info: #58a6ff;\n  --radius: 14px;\n  --radius-sm: 9px;\n  --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0006;\n  --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #0005;\n  --mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, \"SF Mono\", Menlo, Consolas, \"Liberation Mono\", monospace;\n  --sans: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", sans-serif;\n  color-scheme: dark;\n}\n\n\u002F* Light theme — system preference, overridable by [data-theme] on \u003Chtml>. *\u002F\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {\n  :root:not([data-theme=\"dark\"]) {\n    --bg: #f4f6fb;\n    --bg-grid: #00000008;\n    --panel: #ffffff;\n    --panel-2: #f0f3f9;\n    --card: #f7f9fc;\n    --ink: #131722;\n    --muted: #5b6472;\n    --faint: #8a93a3;\n    --line: #e2e7f0;\n    --line-soft: #00000010;\n    --accent: #2f6df0;\n    --accent-ink: #ffffff;\n    --good: #1a7f37;\n    --warn: #bc4c00;\n    --bad: #cf222e;\n    --info: #0969da;\n    --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0000001f;\n    --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #00000014;\n    color-scheme: light;\n  }\n}\n:root[data-theme=\"light\"] {\n  --bg: #f4f6fb;\n  --bg-grid: #00000008;\n  --panel: #ffffff;\n  --panel-2: #f0f3f9;\n  --card: #f7f9fc;\n  --ink: #131722;\n  --muted: #5b6472;\n  --faint: #8a93a3;\n  --line: #e2e7f0;\n  --line-soft: #00000010;\n  --accent: #2f6df0;\n  --accent-ink: #ffffff;\n  --good: #1a7f37;\n  --warn: #bc4c00;\n  --bad: #cf222e;\n  --info: #0969da;\n  --shadow: 0 8px 30px #0000001f;\n  --shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px #00000014;\n  color-scheme: light;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- reset & base ---------- *\u002F\n*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\nbody {\n  margin: 0;\n  min-height: 100vh;\n  font-family: var(--sans);\n  color: var(--ink);\n  background:\n    radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, var(--bg-grid) 1px, transparent 0) 0 0 \u002F 24px 24px,\n    var(--bg);\n  display: flex;\n  justify-content: center;\n  align-items: flex-start;\n  padding: clamp(14px, 3vw, 26px);\n  line-height: 1.55;\n  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;\n}\n\n\u002F* The single content column. *\u002F\n.pg {\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 860px;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- header ---------- *\u002F\n.pg-title {\n  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1rem + 1vw, 1.4rem);\n  font-weight: 800;\n  letter-spacing: -0.02em;\n  margin: 0 0 4px;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 9px;\n}\n.pg-sub {\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 0.92rem;\n  line-height: 1.5;\n  margin: 0 0 16px;\n  max-width: 66ch;\n}\n.pg-sub strong, .pg-sub b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; }\n.pg-sub code { font-family: var(--mono); background: var(--line-soft); color: var(--accent);\n  padding: 1px 6px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 0.85em; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- panels ---------- *\u002F\n.panel {\n  background: var(--panel);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  border-radius: var(--radius);\n  padding: 16px 18px;\n  margin-bottom: 14px;\n  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);\n}\n.panel-label {\n  font-size: 0.7rem;\n  text-transform: uppercase;\n  letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-weight: 800;\n  margin: 0 0 13px;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 8px;\n}\n.panel-label .n {\n  display: inline-grid; place-items: center;\n  width: 18px; height: 18px; border-radius: 50%;\n  background: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink);\n  font-size: 0.66rem; font-weight: 800;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- layout helpers ---------- *\u002F\n.row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; align-items: center; }\n.row.between { justify-content: space-between; }\n.col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }\n.grow { flex: 1 1 0; min-width: 0; }\n.wrap-controls { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px 24px; align-items: flex-end; }\n.field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; min-width: 0; }\n.field > .label, .ctl-label {\n  font-size: 0.7rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em;\n  color: var(--muted); font-weight: 800;\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- buttons ---------- *\u002F\n.btn {\n  font: inherit; font-weight: 650; font-size: 0.88rem;\n  cursor: pointer; user-select: none;\n  border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  background: var(--card); color: var(--ink);\n  padding: 9px 15px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n  transition: background .15s ease, border-color .15s ease, transform .05s ease, color .15s ease;\n}\n.btn:hover { background: var(--line-soft); border-color: var(--muted); }\n.btn:active { transform: translateY(1px); }\n.btn:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n.btn[disabled] { opacity: 0.45; cursor: not-allowed; }\n.btn.primary { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }\n.btn.primary:hover { filter: brightness(1.08); background: var(--accent); }\n.btn.good { background: var(--good); border-color: var(--good); color: #04140a; }\n.btn.bad  { background: var(--bad);  border-color: var(--bad);  color: #fff; }\n.btn.ghost { background: transparent; }\n.btn.sm { padding: 6px 11px; font-size: 0.82rem; }\n\n.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; }\n\n\u002F* Segmented control — a row of buttons where one is active (aria-pressed). *\u002F\n.seg { display: inline-flex; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line);\n  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 3px; gap: 3px; }\n.seg button {\n  font: inherit; font-weight: 650; font-size: 0.84rem; cursor: pointer;\n  border: none; background: transparent; color: var(--muted);\n  padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 7px;\n  transition: background .15s ease, color .15s ease;\n}\n.seg button:hover { color: var(--ink); }\n.seg button[aria-pressed=\"true\"] { background: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }\n.seg button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n\n\u002F* Preset chips — worked-example shortcuts. *\u002F\n.presets { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }\n.presets .btn { background: var(--panel-2); }\n\n\u002F* ---------- toggle switch ---------- *\u002F\n.toggle { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; cursor: pointer;\n  font-size: 0.88rem; font-weight: 600; user-select: none; }\n.toggle input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; width: 0; height: 0; }\n.switch { position: relative; width: 44px; height: 25px; border-radius: 999px; flex: none;\n  background: var(--line); border: 1px solid var(--line); transition: background .18s ease; }\n.switch::after { content: \"\"; position: absolute; top: 2px; left: 2px; width: 19px; height: 19px;\n  border-radius: 50%; background: #cfd6e4; transition: transform .18s ease; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px #0006; }\n.toggle input:checked + .switch { background: var(--good); border-color: var(--good); }\n.toggle input:checked + .switch::after { transform: translateX(19px); background: #fff; }\n.toggle input:focus-visible + .switch { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- range slider ---------- *\u002F\ninput[type=\"range\"] {\n  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 100%; height: 6px;\n  background: var(--line); border-radius: 999px; outline: none; cursor: pointer; margin: 8px 0;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\n  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 19px; height: 19px; border-radius: 50%;\n  background: var(--accent); border: 2px solid var(--panel); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); cursor: pointer;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]::-moz-range-thumb {\n  width: 19px; height: 19px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent);\n  border: 2px solid var(--panel); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); cursor: pointer;\n}\ninput[type=\"range\"]:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- text inputs \u002F selects ---------- *\u002F\ninput[type=\"text\"], input[type=\"number\"], input[type=\"search\"], select, textarea {\n  font: inherit; color: var(--ink); background: var(--card);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 8px 11px; width: 100%;\n}\ntextarea { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.6; resize: vertical; }\ninput:focus-visible, select:focus-visible, textarea:focus-visible {\n  outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; border-color: var(--accent);\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- status \u002F output \u002F log ---------- *\u002F\n.status {\n  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; flex-wrap: wrap;\n  font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600;\n  padding: 11px 14px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink);\n}\n.status.good { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.status.warn { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.status.bad  { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bad) 55%, var(--line)); }\n.dot { width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--muted); flex: none; }\n.dot.good { background: var(--good); } .dot.warn { background: var(--warn); }\n.dot.bad { background: var(--bad); } .dot.info { background: var(--info); }\n\n.output { background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  padding: 13px 15px; }\n.log { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; background: var(--card);\n  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 11px 14px;\n  max-height: 220px; overflow-y: auto; white-space: pre-wrap; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- code block + syntax tokens ---------- *\u002F\n.code {\n  font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.82rem; line-height: 1.7;\n  background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n  padding: 13px 15px; overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre; tab-size: 2;\n}\n.code .tok-sel  { color: var(--accent); }\n.code .tok-prop { color: #86e29b; }\n.code .tok-kw   { color: #ff9bcb; }\n.code .tok-str  { color: #f0c674; }\n.code .tok-num  { color: #f0883e; }\n.code .tok-cmt  { color: var(--faint); font-style: italic; }\n.code .hl { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 22%, transparent); border-radius: 4px; padding: 0 3px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- hint \u002F caption ---------- *\u002F\n.hint { font-size: 0.83rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.55; margin: 10px 0 0; }\n.hint code { font-family: var(--mono); color: var(--ink); background: var(--line-soft);\n  padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 5px; font-size: 0.86em; }\n.hint strong { color: var(--ink); }\n\n\u002F* ---------- banner (feature-support \u002F notices) ---------- *\u002F\n.banner {\n  display: none; margin-bottom: 14px; padding: 11px 14px; border-radius: 11px;\n  font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.5;\n  color: var(--ink); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 12%, var(--panel));\n  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 45%, var(--line));\n}\n.banner.show { display: block; }\n.banner.info { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--info) 12%, var(--panel));\n  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--info) 45%, var(--line)); }\n.banner code { font-family: var(--mono); background: var(--line-soft); padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 5px; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- misc atoms ---------- *\u002F\n.pill { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 700;\n  padding: 3px 9px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--line-soft); color: var(--muted); }\n.pill.good { color: var(--good); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 16%, transparent); }\n.pill.bad  { color: var(--bad);  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bad) 16%, transparent); }\n.mono { font-family: var(--mono); }\n.muted { color: var(--muted); }\n.big-num { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }\n\n\u002F* Optional theme toggle button (top-right). Wire it in JS if you want it. *\u002F\n.theme-btn { position: fixed; top: 12px; right: 12px; z-index: 20; }\n\n\u002F* ---------- responsive ---------- *\u002F\n@media (max-width: 560px) {\n  .panel { padding: 14px; }\n  .wrap-controls { gap: 14px; }\n  .btn { padding: 9px 13px; }\n}\n\n\u002F* ---------- reduced motion ---------- *\u002F\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; }\n}\n\n\n.input-row {\n    display: flex;\n    gap: 10px;\n    align-items: center;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n  }\n  .input-row input {\n    flex: 1 1 260px;\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n    font-size: 0.9rem;\n    padding: 8px 12px;\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    color: var(--ink);\n    min-width: 0;\n  }\n  .input-row input:focus {\n    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);\n    outline-offset: 1px;\n  }\n  .base-row {\n    display: flex;\n    gap: 10px;\n    align-items: center;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    margin-top: 4px;\n  }\n  .base-row label {\n    font-size: 0.78rem;\n    color: var(--muted);\n    white-space: nowrap;\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n  }\n  .base-row input {\n    flex: 1 1 200px;\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n    font-size: 0.85rem;\n    padding: 6px 10px;\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    color: var(--muted);\n    min-width: 0;\n  }\n  .base-row input:focus {\n    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);\n    outline-offset: 1px;\n    color: var(--ink);\n  }\n\n  .presets {\n    display: flex;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    gap: 6px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n  }\n  .presets button {\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n    font-size: 0.78rem;\n    padding: 4px 10px;\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    border-radius: 100px;\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    color: var(--muted);\n    cursor: pointer;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n  }\n  .presets button:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--ink); }\n\n  .results {\n    display: grid;\n    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);\n    gap: 12px;\n    margin-top: 16px;\n  }\n  @media (max-width: 640px) {\n    .results { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n  }\n\n  .api-card {\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    background: var(--panel-2);\n    padding: 14px;\n    display: flex;\n    flex-direction: column;\n    gap: 8px;\n  }\n  .api-card h3 {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-size: 0.78rem;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    letter-spacing: 0.05em;\n    color: var(--muted);\n  }\n  .api-card .code-label {\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n    font-size: 0.82rem;\n    color: var(--accent);\n    background: var(--panel);\n    padding: 6px 10px;\n    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);\n    border: 1px solid var(--line);\n    word-break: break-all;\n  }\n  .api-card .outcome {\n    font-size: 0.8rem;\n    font-weight: 600;\n    padding: 4px 8px;\n    border-radius: 100px;\n    display: inline-block;\n    align-self: flex-start;\n  }\n  .outcome.ok { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--good) 15%, transparent); color: var(--good); }\n  .outcome.err { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bad) 15%, transparent); color: var(--bad); }\n  .outcome.warn { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warn) 15%, transparent); color: var(--warn); }\n\n  .props-table {\n    width: 100%;\n    font-family: var(--mono);\n    font-size: 0.75rem;\n    border-collapse: collapse;\n  }\n  .props-table td {\n    padding: 3px 6px;\n    vertical-align: top;\n    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);\n  }\n  .props-table td:first-child {\n    color: var(--muted);\n    white-space: nowrap;\n    width: 36%;\n  }\n  .props-table td:last-child {\n    color: var(--ink);\n    word-break: break-all;\n  }\n  .empty-cell { color: var(--faint); font-style: italic; font-size: 0.75rem; }","const PROPS = ['href','origin','protocol','host','hostname','port','pathname','search','hash','username','password'];\n\nfunction evaluate(raw, base) {\n  const hasBase = base.trim().length > 0;\n  const b = hasBase ? base.trim() : undefined;\n\n  \u002F\u002F new URL()\n  let newUrlResult, newUrlThrew = false, newUrlError = '';\n  try {\n    newUrlResult = b ? new URL(raw, b) : new URL(raw);\n  } catch (e) {\n    newUrlThrew = true;\n    newUrlError = e.message;\n  }\n\n  \u002F\u002F URL.canParse()\n  let canParse = typeof URL.canParse === 'function'\n    ? (b ? URL.canParse(raw, b) : URL.canParse(raw))\n    : null;\n\n  \u002F\u002F URL.parse()\n  let parseResult = null, parseSupported = typeof URL.parse === 'function';\n  if (parseSupported) {\n    parseResult = b ? URL.parse(raw, b) : URL.parse(raw);\n  }\n\n  return { newUrlResult, newUrlThrew, newUrlError, canParse, parseResult, parseSupported };\n}\n\nfunction propsTable(urlObj) {\n  if (!urlObj) return '\u003Cspan class=\"empty-cell\">—\u003C\u002Fspan>';\n  return '\u003Ctable class=\"props-table\">' +\n    PROPS.map(p => {\n      const val = urlObj[p];\n      return `\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>${p}\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>${val !== '' ? val : '\u003Cspan class=\"empty-cell\">(empty)\u003C\u002Fspan>'}\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>`;\n    }).join('') +\n    '\u003C\u002Ftable>';\n}\n\nfunction render() {\n  const raw = document.getElementById('url-input').value;\n  const base = document.getElementById('base-input').value;\n  const { newUrlResult, newUrlThrew, newUrlError, canParse, parseResult, parseSupported } = evaluate(raw, base);\n\n  const hasBase = base.trim().length > 0;\n  const callArgs = hasBase ? `'${raw}', '${base.trim()}'` : `'${raw}'`;\n\n  const cards = [\n    {\n      title: 'new URL()',\n      call: `new URL(${callArgs})`,\n      outcomeClass: newUrlThrew ? 'err' : 'ok',\n      outcomeText: newUrlThrew ? `throws TypeError` : 'returns URL',\n      body: newUrlThrew\n        ? `\u003Cdiv class=\"code-label\" style=\"color:var(--bad);\">${newUrlError}\u003C\u002Fdiv>`\n        : propsTable(newUrlResult),\n    },\n    {\n      title: 'URL.canParse()',\n      call: `URL.canParse(${callArgs})`,\n      outcomeClass: canParse === null ? 'warn' : (canParse ? 'ok' : 'err'),\n      outcomeText: canParse === null ? 'not supported' : String(canParse),\n      body: canParse === null\n        ? '\u003Cspan class=\"empty-cell\">Not available in this browser\u003C\u002Fspan>'\n        : `\u003Cdiv class=\"code-label\">${canParse}\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n           ${canParse\n             ? '\u003Cdiv style=\"font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:6px;\">Syntactically valid URL — does not check if it\\'s safe to navigate to.\u003C\u002Fdiv>'\n             : '\u003Cdiv style=\"font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:6px;\">Cannot be parsed as a URL with the given base.\u003C\u002Fdiv>'}`,\n    },\n    {\n      title: 'URL.parse()',\n      call: `URL.parse(${callArgs})`,\n      outcomeClass: !parseSupported ? 'warn' : (parseResult ? 'ok' : 'err'),\n      outcomeText: !parseSupported ? 'not supported' : (parseResult ? 'returns URL' : 'returns null'),\n      body: !parseSupported\n        ? '\u003Cspan class=\"empty-cell\">Not available in this browser — needs Chrome 126+\u003C\u002Fspan>'\n        : (parseResult ? propsTable(parseResult) : '\u003Cdiv class=\"code-label\">null\u003C\u002Fdiv>'),\n    },\n  ];\n\n  document.getElementById('results').innerHTML = cards.map(c => `\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"api-card\">\n      \u003Ch3>${c.title}\u003C\u002Fh3>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"code-label\">${c.call}\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"outcome ${c.outcomeClass}\">${c.outcomeText}\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      ${c.body}\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  `).join('');\n}\n\ndocument.getElementById('url-input').addEventListener('input', render);\ndocument.getElementById('base-input').addEventListener('input', render);\n\ndocument.querySelectorAll('.presets button').forEach(btn => {\n  btn.addEventListener('click', () => {\n    document.getElementById('url-input').value = btn.dataset.url;\n    document.getElementById('base-input').value = btn.dataset.base;\n    render();\n  });\n});\n\nrender();",{"height":40,"autorun":17},520,{"slug":33,"title":42,"excerpt":43,"coverUrl":44},"You've been wrapping `new URL()` in try\u002Fcatch. `URL.parse()` does it natively.","Validating an untrusted URL before parsing it used to mean a try\u002Fcatch wrapper or a regex. `URL.canParse()` checks validity without constructing. `URL.parse()` parses and returns null on failure. Both are Baseline 2024 — no wrapper needed.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fcovers\u002Furl-parse-safe-parsing.png"]